Background & Purpose: In the turbulent and competitive environment of the knowledge-based economy, knowledge-based companies need to intelligently utilize their strategic orientations and develop organizational capabilities to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. However, the interaction of these two factors and their role in strengthening the competitive position of organizations remains a fundamental issue in the strategic management literature. This study aims to explain the mediating role of organizational capabilities in the relationship between strategic orientation and sustainable competitive advantage, and seeks to provide an analytical framework for enhancing the competitive position of knowledge-based companies in a complex and dynamic business environment.
Methodology: This study is of an applied type and was conducted using a descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study included all employees of Dorna Aerospace Knowledge-Based Company, from whom 125 people were selected as a statistical sample using a non-probability sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire, and data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS version 25 and SmartPLS version 3.3 software.
Findings: The analysis of the research data showed that strategic orientation has a positive and significant effect on sustainable competitive advantage, marketing capabilities, technology and social media, and also, the positive and significant effect of marketing capabilities, technology and social media on sustainable competitive advantage was confirmed. In addition, social media capabilities have a positive and significant effect on marketing and technology capabilities; Finally, it was found that marketing, technology and social media capabilities play a mediating role in the relationship between strategic orientation and sustainable competitive advantage of Dorna Aerospace Knowledge-Based Company.
Conclusion: The results of the research showed that strategic orientation can only lead to sustainable competitive advantage when it is supported by strengthening key capabilities such as marketing, technology and especially social media. Accordingly, it is suggested that managers and decision-makers of knowledge-based companies, instead of focusing solely on strategy formulation, should focus on the targeted development of organizational capabilities, especially in the areas of digital marketing, technology management, and effective exploitation of social media capabilities. As a link between strategy and competitive performance, these capabilities play a key role in creating sustainable value for the organization and can strengthen the company's competitive position in dynamic technology-driven environments.